大脑间可无需语言直接交流

Sometimes, words just complicate¹ things. What if our brains could communicate directly with each other, bypassing the need for language? University of Washington researchers have successfully replicated² a direct brain-to-brain connection between pairs of people as part of a scientific study following the team's initial demonstration³ a year ago. In the newly published study, which involved six people, researchers were able to transmit the signals from one person's brain over the Internet and use these signals to control the hand motions of another person within a split second of sending that signal.   At the time of the first experiment in August 2013, the UW team was the first to demonstrate two human brains communicating in this way. The researchers then tested their brain-to-brain interface⁴ in a more comprehensive study, published Nov. 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.   "The new study brings our brain-to-brain interfacing⁵ paradigm⁶ from an initial demonstration to something that is closer to a deliverable technology," said co-author Andrea Stocco, a research assistant professor of psychology⁷ and a researcher at UW's Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences. "Now we have replicated our methods and know that they can work reliably with walk-in participants."   Collaborator⁸ Rajesh Rao, a UW associate professor of computer science and engineering, is the lead author on this work.   The research team combined two kinds of noninvasive instruments and fine-tuned software to connect two human brains in real time. The process is fairly straightforward⁹. One participant is hooked to an electroencephalography machine that reads brain activity and sends electrical pulses via the Web to the second participant, who is wearing a swim cap with a transcranial magnetic stimulation¹⁰ coil placed near the part of the brain that controls hand movements.   Using this setup, one person can send a command to move the hand of the other by simply thinking about that hand movement.